A SHORT HISTORY
India and Pakistan gained freedom from " Great Britain" in 1947. Pakistan had two parts . One is East Pakistan (Now Bangladesh)and the other is West Pakistan.(Now Pakistan).The major portion of Pakistanee people were Bangalies and their mother tongue was Bangla. So, Bangla has an extra ordinary priority. But it was an irony of fate that the rulers of Pakistan tried to impose Urdu as to the East Pakistan instate of Bangla.
The first issue of this movement was "Tamaddun Majlish"headed by Abul Kashem in 1947 . After that the students of Dhaka University gathered and held a meeting to protest the Pakistan government decision. on 6th December 1947.The students demanded that Bengla must shall be a one of the state language of Pakistan.In December 1947 Professor Nurul Haque formed a language action committee .He was the convener of this committee.
In1948 Pakistan national assembly proposed either Urdu or English will be the state language of Pakistan national assembly ."Dhirendronath Datto"protest it in the assembly.But the Pakistani tulers opposed him. Mr Datto proposed that Bengla is one of the similar language as Urdu.Because the major portion of Pakistanes are bangalee and they speak in bangla .So, we have a great demand of it.But nobody heard him. Hearing this news the politicians,students , intellectuals and the common people of East Pakistan became very excited. A general strick called on 11th March 1948. Including Bangobandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and other national leaders were arrested.The strick remains 12 to 15th April 1948. In the same year the Governor of East Pakistan ignored the popular language demand.Then the language demand quickly spread in East Pakistan.The inhabitants of East Pakistan lost their faith with the ruler.The Bangalies were thought that an extra political party have so needed.Then Awami Muslim League were formed in 1949. Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani selected the leader of the party.
In 1950 the Language movement committee was formed in Dhaka University headed by Abdul Matin. Again the chief minister of East Pakistan repeated the same word in a meeting in Dhaka , January 1952. The students were called a strick and called the popular slogan " Rashtrovasha Bangla Chai"on 30th January 1952. On 31st January 1952 the representatives of all parties and the cultural organisations held a meting chaired by Maulana Vashani and formed a all party Language Action Committee.The commitee decided to call a strick on 21st February 1952.But the Government of East Pakistan imposed section 144.The students were gathering in the University campus and calling slogan .The Armed police were surrounding and waiting outside the campus .The students were devided in groups and trying to break the police baricate. Suddenly the police opened fire on the students movement Many of them were injured and Abdus Salam , Abul Barket , Abdul Jabbar, Shafiur Rahman were killed there.
On 23rd February 1952 the students made a temproary Memorial there and named it the "Shaheed Minar".After the great secrifice, on the 16th February 1956 the Heroic Bangalies achieved the goal. Pakistan constituant assembly in adopting both Bangla and Urdu same as the state language of Pakistan on 16th February 1956.
Since then the 21st February has been observed as "Shaheed Dibosh"every year.
On November 17 ,1999 UNESCO declared 21st February as International Mother Language Day on behalf of our Unique sacrifice for the" Mother Language."
"International Mother Language Day" has been observed yearly since 2000 to promote peace and multilingualism around the world and protect all mother languages.
THE RESULT OF THE LANGUAGE MOVEMENT
The seeds of our freedom actually remained hidden in the incident of 21st February.The utmost and invaluable significance of the day has drawn the attaintion of the Global Community which now observes the day as "International Mother Language Day."
The day has a great significance for us . Because on that day our Golden sons laid down their valuable lives for the recognition of our Mother Tongue. As a Bangale I feel very proud of the day. Because the day got recognition internationally and it is now observed all over the world .And now we are living in an Independent Country.
Bibliography:
INTERNATIONAL LIBRARIANS NETWORK.
By-Tahur Ahmed ,Library Circulation Officer, East West University ,Dhaka Bangladesh.
Wikipedia
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